AI IN EVERYDAY LIFE AND SMART LIVING | Chapter -2 solution Class-8 Sub - Computer | Artificial Intelligence

 

* Answer the following questions:- 

a. Explain any three major application areas of AI.

Ans- Three major application areas of AI:-

         1. Robotics:- Robots can be deployed in difficult environments and can work without getting tired or feeling bored like humans. 

         2. Machine Vision:- Machine vision is the application area of AI that include the use of a camera or multiple camera to inspects and analyse objects automatically.

         3. Speech Understanding / Voice Recognition:- Voice recognition is used in many areas ranging from simple online games that understand voice input to virtual assistance such as Apple's Siri speech understanding.

b. Write the short note on Expert systems.

Ans:- Expert Systems:- An expert system in AI is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert. An Expert system is made up of two main components: Knowledge Base and Inference engine. Expert systems are mainly used in the field of medicine.

c. Discuss any two example of expert systems.

Ans:- The following expert systems are quite popular and widely used in the field of medicine:-

1. MYCIN: It uses the backward-chaining domain of AI. It accept symptoms from a patient, identifies the various bacteria that could cause acute infections and thus recommends according to the patient's weight.

2. DENDRAL: It is used in chemical analysis to predict molecular structure.

d. Discuss the term 'knowledge base' and 'inference engine'.

Ans:- Knowledge base:- Knowledge base is collection of information related to particular domain or topic.

Inference Engine:- Inference Engine is part of an expert system that processes the information stored in the knowledge base.

e. What is Pandora ?

Ans:- Pandora is an application similar to Netflix, except that it caters only to music.

f. What are flying drones?

Ans:- Flying drones include a powerful machine learning system that can translate the environment into 3D model through sensors and video cameras. These are used for a variety of tasks such as videography, photography and even food delivery.

g. Explain the significance and impact of AI in real life.

Ans:-The significance and impact of AI in real life:-

a) AI automates the tasks: AI can perform frequent, high-volume, computerised tasks reliably and without fatigue. 

b) AI can learn through repetitive tasks: In addition to helping us in doing repetitive tasks, AI solution can learn and discover new approaches to any task using data exploration techniques.

c) AI can work in dangerous environments: AI solutions can replace humans and be deployed in environments which are dangerous for humans.

d) AI has influenced the field of health care: Modern monitoring and diagnostic solutions that use AI have influenced health care to a great extent. AI can even reduce the operating costs of health care facilities and medical organisations and thus help in saving.

h. What is Smart grid?

Ans:- A smart grid is a technology-based power network that uses two-way digital communication to distribute energy to customers. The systems allows tracking, evaluation, management and interaction within the supply chain to help improve performance, reduce energy consumption and expense. 

i. Discuss the concept of smart living.

Ans:- Smart living is an emerging trend that aims to improve standards in several aspects of our day-to-day life. It can impact our homes, workplace, transportation methods and many more.

j. Discuss the benefits of smart homes.

Ans:- Following are the major benefits of smart homes-

1. Energy saving is one major benefit provided by smart home technology. Smart lighting systems can be controlled remotely.

2. Smart homes include smart thermostats, which are wi-fi enabled and allow users to set up, monitor and remotely control home temperature.

3. Smart homes include smart locks which can detect when home members are near and unlock the doors for them.

4. Smart homes include smart TVs that can connect to the generator and play Internet applications such as on-demand videos and music.

5. Smart homes may even include smart irrigation system. Thus system waters the lawn only when needed and with the exact amount of water necessary. 

k. What are the challenges posed by smart homes?

Ans. Challenges of smart homes:- 

1- One major drawback of smart homes is that they are dependent on the internet. In case of Internet failure, smart home users will not be able to access and control the devices.

2- Smart homes are very expensive.

3- A few smart home members who are not well versed with technology may find it difficult to operate and use smart home device.

4- Although providing security is one major benefit of smart homes, it can be considered a major threat as well. A hacker can hack the smart hub device and can misuse and control the rest of the device as well. 

5- Since smart homes involve the use of the Internet, there are chances that the data or images uploaded and shared by smart devices can be hacked and leaked over internet.

l. What are the benefits of smart cities?

Ans. Smart cities aim to provide the following benefits to the residents:

1- Adequate water supply.

2- Secure energy supply

3- Sanitation, including solid-waste management. 

4- Sustainable climate.

5- Safety and safety of people, especially women.

6- Improved and better health care and education.

7- Efficient urban mobility and public transport.